Table 4. Effects of multi-carbohydrases on number of WBC, serum TNF-α, TGF-β1, CRP and cortisol of nursing piglets
Item | Treatments | SEM | p-value |
CON | MCS |
Day 3 | | | | |
WBC (× 103/μL) | 10.69 | 9.17 | 0.337 | < 0.01 |
TNF-α (pg/mL) | 264.14 | 282.11 | 7.132 | 0.571 |
TGF-β1 (pg/mL) | 742.15 | 723.24 | 79.028 | 0.869 |
CRP (ng/mL) | 50.81 | 64.95 | 6.820 | 0.173 |
Cortisol (ng/mL) | 2.10 | 2.10 | 0.066 | 0.999 |
Day 7 | | | | |
WBC (× 103/μL) | 17.77 | 13.22 | 1.109 | < 0.01 |
TNF-α (pg/mL) | 290.39 | 290.43 | 18.321 | 0.999 |
TGF-β1 (pg/mL) | 869.89 | 757.52 | 33.774 | < 0.05 |
CRP (ng/mL) | 128.65 | 92.63 | 9.349 | < 0.05 |
Cortisol (ng/mL) | 2.26 | 2.24 | 0.139 | 0.911 |
Day 28 (weaning day) | | | | |
WBC (× 103/μL) | 16.74 | 15.74 | 1.507 | 0.649 |
TNF-α (pg/mL) | 358.61 | 348.65 | 16.150 | 0.672 |
TGF-β1 (pg/mL) | 1,058.97 | 1,055.12 | 135.405 | 0.984 |
CRP (ng/mL) | 110.16 | 78.47 | 20.732 | 0.305 |
Cortisol (ng/mL) | 4.24 | 4.09 | 0.306 | 0.735 |
Values are presented as the least square mean of 6 replicates for nursing piglets.
WBC, white blood cells; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; TGF-β1, transforming growth factor-β1; CRP, C-reactive protein; CON, control diet based on corn and soybean meal; MCS, multi-carbohydrase diet; SEM, standard error of means.