Table 4. Effects of Kimchi cabbage by-product as substitutional ingredient of TMR on growth performance of Holstein steers

Items	Treatment¹⁾		SEM	p-value
Items	CON	TC	SEM	p-value
Initial body weight (kg)	273.06	272.29	5.49	0.92
Final body weight (kg)	417.82	413.88	9.74	0.78
ADG (kg)	0.97	0.94	0.08	0.85
FCR	11.74	11.93	1.10	0.90

TMR only (CON); TMR + 30% Kimchi cabbage by-products (TC), fresh matter basis.
TMR, total mixed ration; ADG, average daily gain; FCR, feed conversion ratio.