Table 5. Effects of Kimchi cabbage by-product as substitutional ingredient of TMR on blood profiles of Holstein steers

Items	Treatment¹⁾		SEM	p-value
Items	CON	TC	SEM	p-value
ALT (U/L)	26.00	25.71	0.74	0.78
AST (U/L)	70.00	69.77	2.36	0.96
Glucose (mg/dL)	86.18	89.47	1.74	0.19
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)	133.24	135.94	5.53	0.74
HDL (mg/dL)	112.71	110.41	2.42	0.51
LDL (mg/dL)	23.24	25.35	1.40	0.30
Creatinine (mg/dL)	0.80^b	0.92^a	0.04	< 0.05
BUN (mg/dL)	15.09^a	13.04^b	0.67	< 0.05
Total protein (g/dL)	6.31	6.58	0.10	0.06

TMR only (CON); TMR + 30% Kimchi cabbage by-products (TC), fresh matter basis.
Means with different superscripts in the same row differ significantly (p < 0.05).
TMR, total mixed ration; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; HDL, high density lipoprotein; LDL, low density lipoprotein; BUN, blood urea nitrogen.