Table 1. Nutritive value and chemical composition of the TMR fed to Holstein and Jersey cows during the study period (%, DM)

Items THI
61–72 (May, Oct) 73–85 (Jun–Sep)
Ingredients ratio (%)
 Concentrate 38.87 33.68
 Cashew nut meal - 7.12
 Beet pulp 3.72 -
 Cottonseed 3.73 -
 Soybean meal 1.88 3.61
 Corn silage 25.02 20.83
 Mixed hay 16.51 14.05
 Alfalfa 5.65 10.81
 Tall fescue 3.77 9.02
 Bypass fat 0.21 0.20
 Sodium bicarbonate 0.21 0.20
 Yeast culture 0.21 0.20
 Mineral mixture 0.21 0.28
Chemical composition (%)
 Moisture 53.76 54.69
 Crude protein 16.31 16.57
 Ether extract 5.80 5.47
 Crude fiber 18.85 19.14
 Crude ash 7.18 7.41
 Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) 38.67 39.33
 Acid detergent fiber (ADF) 22.06 21.80
 Calcium 0.93 0.82
 Phosphorous 0.35 0.49
 TDN 74.79 75.36
 NEL (Mcal/kg) 1.71 1.74
DM, dry matter; THI, temperature-humidity index; TDN, total digestible nutrient; NEL, net energy for lactation.