Table 1. Top 5 significantly upregulated genes in rumen EV-treated Caenorhabditis elegans

Gene	Gene description	Fold change (REVs/SREVs)
pas-3	Proteasome subunit alpha type-4	2,050.93
gnrr-1	G_PROTEIN_RECEP_F1_2 domain-containing protein	35.49
C24G6.8	Probable peptidyl-tRNA hydrolase 2	24.02
Y67D8C.26	Unclassified noncoding RNA Y67D8C.26	23.49
F08G2.9	small nuclear RNA F08G2.9	17.51

EV, extracellular vesicle; REVs, rumen extracellular vesicles; SREVs, sonication rumen extracellular vesicles.