Table 6. Ruminal pH on preoperative and postoperative days

Treatment	Preoperative day1)	Postoperative days2)
Control	6.719 (n = 4)	6.646 (n = 36)
Cannulation	6.913 (n = 4)	7.066 (n = 36)
SEM	0.130	0.046
p-value	0.500	< 0.001

Eight rumen samples were collected from eight steers on the preoperative day (day 0) (4 animals × 2 groups × 1 timepoint).
Seventy-two rumen samples were collected from eight steers on postoperative days 1, 4, 7, 10, 14, 17, 21, 24, and 28 (4 animals × 2 groups × 9 timepoints).