Table 8. Least squares mean of breed on the ruminal dry matter, starch and protein degradabilities by the treatment conditions of corn flakes using the pressurized steam chamber
Treatment1) | Dry matter (%) | Starch (%) | Protein (%) |
Holstein | Hanwoo | Vd2) | Holstein | Hanwoo | Vd | Holstein | Hanwoo | Vd |
T1 | 45.96a | 40.85a | 5.11** | 46.11a | 40.91a | 5.20* | 40.43a | 33.90ab | 6.53** |
T2 | 36.45d | 36.46bcd | −0.01NS | 41.03def | 36.55cd | 4.48** | 27.80ef | 25.74d | 2.06NS |
T3 | 37.98cd | 37.86b | 0.12NS | 38.36g | 36.65d | 1.71* | 30.58c | 30.66c | −0.08NS |
T4 | 39.34bc | 39.67a | −0.33NS | 40.75def | 39.22b | 1.53NS | 29.49de | 30.08c | −0.59NS |
T5 | 40.40b | 33.22f | 7.18** | 44.09b | 34.41ef | 9.68** | 31.18cd | 23.38e | 7.80* |
T6 | 36.55d | 35.63cd | 0.92NS | 39.56fg | 35.20de | 4.36** | 27.66e | 27.28d | 0.38NS |
T7 | 36.59d | 36.00cd | 0.59NS | 41.49de | 35.34de | 6.15** | 26.30f | 27.20d | −0.90NS |
T8 | 37.25d | 36.68bc | 0.57NS | 38.62g | 37.58c | 1.04NS | 26.37f | 30.40c | −4.03* |
T9 | 40.00b | 34.90d | 5.10* | 40.21defg | 33.21f | 7.00* | 32.82bc | 25.83de | 6.99** |
T10 | 40.88b | 33.50ef | 7.38** | 41.34de | 31.61f | 9.73** | 33.71b | 24.52e | 9.19** |
T11 | 40.19b | 39.59a | 0.60NS | 43.19c | 39.42b | 3.77** | 32.73bc | 34.37ab | −1.64NS |
T12 | 39.47bc | 39.54a | −0.07NS | 44.86ab | 40.00ab | 4.86** | 31.44bcd | 36.30a | −4.86** |
T13 | 36.93d | 36.70bc | 0.23NS | 39.82efg | 35.23de | 4.59** | 30.09de | 32.09bc | −2.00NS |
Standard error: dry matter, 0.60; starch, 0.58; protein, 0.90.
T1 (100°C, 720 s); T2 (105°C, 700 s); T3 (105°C, 850 s); T4 (105°C, 950 s); T5 (110°C, 400 s); T6 (112°C, 700 s); T7 (112°C, 850 s); T8 (112°C, 950 s); T9 (113°C, 600 s); T10 (115°C, 500 s); T11 (116°C, 700 s); T12 (116°C, 850 s); and T13 (116°C, 950 s).
Varietal difference: difference between Holstein and Hanwoo mean (Holstein-Hanwoo).
Means without same superscripts within a column are significantly different (p < 0.05).
p < 0.05,
p < 0.01,
not significant.