Table 1. KEGG pathway analysis of differentially expressed genes (top 10 pathways) in the small intestines of the gluten-fed (25% gluten) and control (0% gluten) groups of the broilers at 1 week of age

Pathway ID	Description	#Genes	Enrichment	p-value	Gene name
gga03010	Ribosome*	16	7.74	< 0.0001	RPL22L1, RPL36, RPLP1, RPS15, RPS21, MRPL32, MRPS10, RPS7, MRPL35, RPS24, RPL35A, RPL37, RPS28, RPL27A, RPL29, RPL38
gga00190	Oxidative phosphorylation*	7	3.53	0.003	NDUFB7, ATP5J, NDUFV3, ATP5H, NDUFB1, COX17, UQCR10
gga03320	PPAR signaling pathway*	4	3.93	0.018	SCD, LPL, FABP6, FABP2
gga00310	Lysine degradation	3	3.40	0.057	KMT2A, ASH1L, KMT2D
gga04933	AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications	4	2.65	0.063	FN1, COL4A2, NFATC1, PLCE1
gga04010	MAPK signaling pathway	7	1.84	0.085	CACNA1B, ELK4, NFATC1, CACNA2D2, CACNA1G, PDGFRB, PTPRR
gga04260	Cardiac muscle contraction	3	2.85	0.087	ACTC1, CACNA2D2, UQCR10
gga04810	Regulation of actin cytoskeleton	6	1.89	0.096	ITGA1, FN1, SSH2, WASF1, ARHGEF4, PDGFRB
gga00260	Glycine, serine and threonine metabolism	2	3.19	0.129	GCSH, PHGDH
gga04514	Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs)	4	2.05	0.13	SDC3, NFASC, NLGN3, SIGLEC1

KEGG, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes; PPAR, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor; AGE, advanced glycation end products; RAGE, receptor for advanced glycation endproducts; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase.