Table 5. Serum biochemistry in dogs fed with rice- and corn-RS-based diets

Items (unit)	Reference ranges	CON	TRT	p-value
TP (g/dL)	5.4–7.7	7.62 ± 0.18	7.40 ± 0.21	0.449
AST (U/L)	19–42	28.80 ± 2.20	32.80 ± 3.89	0.397
ALT (U/L)	19–67	48.00 ± 5.37	65.80 ± 21.75	0.450
GGT (U/L)	0–6	4.20 ± 0.49	4.60 ± 0.51	0.587
CREA (mg/dL)	0.5–1.7	0.98 ± 0.09	1.01 ± 0.09	0.812
GLU (mg/dL)	76–119	108.40 ± 2.29	99.40 ± 4.20	0.097
LD (U/L)	0–236	132.00 ± 34.11	98.40 ± 19.46	0.417
CHO (mg/dL)	135–361	316.60 ± 22.59	267.40 ± 8.44	0.076
TG (mg/dL)	19–133	114.80 ± 20.67	105.80 ± 25.86	0.793
UN (mg/dL)	8–28	18.22 ± 1.55	17.28 ± 2.70	0.771
TBIL (mg/dL)	0–0.51	0.06 ± 0.01	0.05 ± 0.021	0.629
CK (U/L)	52–368	146.20 ± 14.47	126.20 ± 8.89	0.273

Values are expressed as mean ± SE.
RS, resistant starch; CON, rice-based diet; TRT, corn-RS-based diet; TP, total protein; AST, aspartate transaminase; ALT, alanine transaminase; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; CREA, creatinine; GLU, glucose; LD, lactate dehydrogenase; CHO, cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; UN, urea nitrogen; TBIL, total bilirubin; CK, creatine kinase.