Table 8. Effects of increased CP intake during pregnancy period on the economic efficacy in Hanwoo (USD/head)

Item	CON	TRT	p-value
Gross receipts¹⁾(A)	7,463.83 ± 2,026.98^b	8,801.35 ± 1,779.75^a	0.035
Operating costs (B)
Feed costs²⁾	3,263.94 ± 4.14^b	3,270.52 ± 3.78^a	0.001
Commercial concentrate	2,262.35 ± 4.14^b	2,268.93 ± 3.78^a	0.001
Pregnant cows	271.11 ± 0.00^b	274.66 ± 0.00^a	0.001
Male offspring	1,991.24 ± 4.14^b	1,994.27 ± 3.78^a	0.023
Roughage	1,001.59 ± 0.00	1,001.59 ± 0.00
Pregnant cows	239.40 ± 0.00	239.40 ± 0.00	-
Male offspring	762.19 ± 0.00	762.19 ± 0.00	-
Other³⁾	632	632	-
Net income (C = A − B)	3,567.89 ± 2,024.31^b	4,898.83 ± 1,777.19^a	0.034

Selling price of carcass and by product.
Commercial concentrate: pregnant cows, 0.32 USD/kg; top dressing, 0.34 USD/kg; calf, 0.36 USD/kg; growing, 0.34 USD/kg; early fattening, 0.35 USD/kg; late fattening, 0.36 USD/kg; roughage: timothy, 0.53 USD/kg; rice straw, 0.21 USD/kg.
Other: water, Power and Fuel cost (32.78 USD), Veterinary and medicine cost (29.30 USD), Automobile cost (40.30 USD), Farm implements cost (167 USD), Farm building and facilities cost (122 USD), Miscellaneous materials cost (73.87 USD), Interest on borrowed capital (60.36 USD), Land rent (4.34 USD), Hired labor cost (44.44 USD), Excretion disposal cost (22.90 USD), Production management cost (18.28 USD).
Means with difference superscripts in the same row are significantly different (p < 0.05).
USD, United States dollar; CP, crude protein; CON, control; TRT, treatment.