Table 15. Effects of different probiotics on intestinal morphology in weaned piglets challenged E. coli (Exp.2)

Items1)	C −					C +					C		PRO					SE	p-value
	NC	PC	K	WK1	K-WK1	NC	PC	K	WK1	K-WK1	−	+	NC	PC	K	WK1	K-WK1		C	PRO	C×PRO
Pre (D-5)
WBC (103/µL)	17.81	17.52	17.64	18.42	17.85	18.64	17.29	17.05	18.58	16.92	17.85	17.70	18.23	17.41	17.35	18.50	17.39	0.18	0.118
Neu (%)	38.18	41.18	40.58	41.02	39.57	40.90	41.38	40.93	42.50	40.15	38.96	41.17	39.54	41.28	40.76	41.77	39.87	0.57	0.993
Lym (%)	47.23	44.03	45.15	44.08	46.13	44.12	44.40	44.68	43.48	45.28	44.46	44.39	45.68	44.22	44.92	43.78	45.71	0.56	0.896
Mon (%)	7.13	7.74	7.83	7.40	7.40	7.28	6.90	7.13	7.18	6.98	7.16	7.09	7.21	7.34	7.48	7.29	7.19	0.30	0.997
Eos (%)	7.36	6.65	6.40	7.40	6.85	7.50	7.27	7.21	6.81	7.54	6.94	7.26	7.43	7.10	6.80	7.10	7.19	0.33	0.995
Bas (%)	0.10	0.10	0.04	0.10	0.05	0.20	0.05	0.05	0.03	0.05	0.08	0.08	0.15	0.07	0.05	0.07	0.05	0.02	0.311
Post
D 2
WBC (103/µL)	19.97	14.66	13.44	17.35	19.94	28.08	15.59	17.86	22.16	21.55	17.07	21.05	24.03	15.13	15.65	19.76	20.75	1.06	0.045	0.032	0.768
Neu (%)	42.83	42.65	41.68	42.55	41.85	44.05	41.50	41.63	41.80	41.85	42.31	42.17	43.44	42.08	41.66	42.18	41.85	0.47	0.890	0.834	0.961
Lym (%)	43.93	44.93	45.25	45.33	45.25	40.95	43.60	43.50	43.65	43.00	44.94	42.94	42.44	44.27	44.38	44.49	44.13	0.49	0.060	0.697	0.988
Mon (%)	6.28	5.60	6.20	6.05	5.90	7.43	7.28	7.20	7.10	7.30	6.01	7.26	6.86	6.44	6.70	6.58	6.60	0.27	0.048	0.995	0.996
Eos (%)	6.95	6.63	6.78	6.03	6.90	7.56	7.38	7.58	7.40	7.85	6.65	7.55	7.25	7.00	7.17	6.71	7.38	0.15	0.002	0.581	0.921
Bas (%)	0.01	0.19	0.09	0.05	0.10	0.01	0.24	0.09	0.05	0.00	0.09	0.06	0.01	0.21	0.09	0.04	0.04	0.02	0.454	< 0.01	0.218
D 4
WBC (103/µL)	20.91	15.09	16.56	16.77	16.38	29.21	19.72	20.79	22.08	22.75	17.14	22.91	25.06	17.41	18.68	19.43	19.57	0.92	0.001	0.033	0.919
Neu (%)	43.68	43.03	43.95	43.83	42.65	47.15	44.95	45.80	44.93	45.15	43.43	45.60	45.42	43.99	44.88	44.38	43.90	0.35	0.002	0.537	0.817
Lym (%)	42.23	42.55	43.35	44.55	42.20	41.95	43.08	43.55	44.65	43.45	42.98	43.34	42.09	42.82	43.45	44.60	42.83	0.36	0.632	0.301	0.975
Mon (%)	6.65	7.90	5.55	4.95	7.45	5.10	6.10	5.13	4.73	5.83	6.50	5.38	5.88	7.00	5.34	4.84	6.64	0.26	0.022	0.036	0.733
Eos (%)	7.30	6.48	7.10	6.63	7.55	5.68	5.30	5.45	5.65	5.48	7.01	5.61	6.49	6.13	6.28	6.13	6.51	0.21	0.000	0.831	0.904
Bas (%)	0.14	0.04	0.05	0.04	0.14	0.12	0.07	0.05	0.04	0.09	0.08	0.07	0.12	0.06	0.05	0.05	0.12	0.01	0.802	0.022	0.706
D 7
WBC (103/µL)	21.17	18.30	17.25	18.15	18.52	24.60	18.34	19.68	21.60	22.43	18.67	21.33	22.89	18.32	18.46	19.87	20.47	0.81	0.121	0.426	0.950
Neu (%)	44.05	41.98	43.31	43.68	42.10	45.20	44.58	46.38	45.38	46.10	43.02	45.53	44.63	43.28	44.85	44.53	44.10	0.47	0.012	0.842	0.884
Lym (%)	44.13	45.78	43.88	44.80	44.75	44.38	45.08	44.18	45.10	44.00	44.67	44.55	44.26	45.43	44.03	44.95	44.38	0.39	0.891	0.843	0.987
Mon (%)	6.23	6.38	6.50	6.05	6.90	4.95	4.73	3.93	4.18	4.40	6.41	4.44	5.59	5.56	5.22	5.12	5.65	0.21	0.000	0.670	0.546
Eos (%)	5.43	5.73	6.15	5.33	6.10	5.30	5.50	5.38	5.20	5.33	5.74	5.33	5.35	5.60	5.76	5.26	5.71	0.12	0.117	0.657	0.830
Bas (%)	0.16	0.13	0.16	0.14	0.15	0.17	0.11	0.13	0.14	0.17	0.16	0.15	0.17	0.13	0.14	0.14	0.16	0.01	0.940	0.967	0.992
D 11
WBC (103/µL)	18.55	18.83	17.63	18.55	18.15	19.10	19.33	19.13	19.30	20.33	18.34	19.44	18.83	19.08	18.38	18.93	19.24	0.48	0.313	0.989	0.984
Neu (%)	44.90	43.55	43.45	43.65	45.00	43.53	41.73	43.35	43.45	45.00	44.11	43.41	44.22	42.64	43.40	43.55	45.00	0.67	0.639	0.881	0.992
Lym (%)	47.15	48.20	47.85	46.60	45.45	48.53	49.15	48.35	47.75	46.15	47.05	47.99	47.84	48.68	48.10	47.18	45.80	0.58	0.464	0.658	1.000
Mon (%)	4.08	3.30	4.80	5.30	4.90	4.15	4.33	4.78	4.68	4.33	4.47	4.44	4.11	3.81	4.78	4.98	4.61	0.19	0.949	0.308	0.674
Eos (%)	3.80	4.85	3.78	4.38	4.58	3.75	4.73	3.48	4.03	4.45	4.28	4.09	3.78	4.79	3.63	4.21	4.52	0.24	0.715	0.586	1.000
Bas (%)	0.07	0.10	0.12	0.07	0.07	0.04	0.06	0.04	0.09	0.07	0.09	0.07	0.05	0.08	0.09	0.08	0.07	0.01	0.401	0.946	0.736

C−, non-challenge with E. coli; NC, basal diet; PC, NC + 0.01% Lactiplantibacillus plantarum; K, NC + 0.1% Pediococcus acidilactic K; WK1, NC + 0.1% Pediococcus pentosaceus SMFM2016-WK1; K-WK1, NC + 0.05% P. acidilactici K + 0.05% P. pentosaceus SMFM2016-WK1; C+, challenge with E. coli.
E. coli, Escherichia coli; PRO, probiotics; Pre, pre-inoculation; Post, post-inoculation; WBC, white blood cell.