Table 16. Effects of different probiotics on intestinal morphology in weaned piglets challenged Salmonella (Exp.2)

Items1)	C −					C +					C		PRO					SE	p-value
	NC	PC	K	WK1	K-WK1	NC	PC	K	WK1	K-WK1	−	+	NC	PC	K	WK1	K-WK1		C	PRO	C×PRO
Pre (D-5)
WBC (103/µL)	17.81	17.52	17.64	18.42	17.85	17.33	17.78	18.30	17.72	17.28	17.85	17.68	17.57	17.65	17.97	18.07	17.57	0.45	0.996
Neu (%)	38.18	41.18	40.58	41.03	39.58	40.95	41.10	40.40	41.33	41.50	40.11	41.06	39.57	41.14	40.49	41.18	40.54	0.61	0.933
Lym (%)	47.23	44.03	45.15	44.08	46.13	44.23	43.73	45.45	43.75	44.13	45.32	44.26	45.93	43.88	45.30	43.92	45.13	0.56	0.814
Mon (%)	7.13	7.78	7.83	7.40	7.40	7.55	7.03	7.18	7.28	7.13	7.53	7.23	7.34	7.41	7.51	7.34	7.27	0.22	0.999
Eos (%)	7.38	6.65	6.40	7.40	6.85	7.25	8.05	6.88	7.60	7.20	6.98	7.40	7.32	7.29	6.64	7.50	7.03	0.24	0.845
Bas (%)	0.08	0.06	0.04	0.09	0.04	0.02	0.09	0.09	0.04	0.04	0.06	0.05	0.04	0.08	0.08	0.08	0.05	0.01	0.866
Post
D 2
WBC (103/µL)	19.97	14.66	13.44	17.35	19.94	23.81	14.54	17.34	21.19	20.27	17.07	19.43	21.89	14.60	15.39	19.27	20.11	0.95	0.208	0.078	0.905
Neu (%)	42.83	42.65	41.68	42.55	41.85	45.23	44.28	44.18	44.13	45.10	42.31	44.58	44.03	43.47	42.93	43.34	43.48	0.47	0.026	0.970	0.981
Lym (%)	43.93	44.93	45.25	45.33	45.25	44.73	45.03	44.78	45.55	44.68	44.94	44.95	44.33	44.98	45.02	45.44	44.97	0.44	0.988	0.971	0.992
Mon (%)	6.28	5.60	6.20	6.05	5.90	4.78	4.70	4.78	4.75	4.73	6.01	4.75	5.53	5.15	5.49	5.40	5.32	0.28	0.041	0.995	0.998
Eos (%)	6.95	6.63	6.78	6.03	6.90	5.23	5.80	6.15	5.43	5.40	6.66	5.60	6.09	6.22	6.47	5.73	6.15	0.19	0.008	0.803	0.814
Bas (%	0.03	0.20	0.10	0.05	0.10	0.05	0.20	0.13	0.15	0.10	0.10	0.13	0.04	0.20	0.12	0.10	0.10	0.01	0.183	0.002	0.599
D 4
WBC (103/µL)	20.91	15.09	16.56	16.77	16.38	29.30	19.44	20.71	21.63	22.24	16.20	22.66	29.30	17.27	18.64	19.20	19.31	0.96	0.002	0.049	0.923
Neu (%)	43.68	43.03	43.95	43.83	42.65	46.14	45.28	45.05	45.38	45.60	43.43	45.49	44.91	44.16	44.50	44.61	44.13	0.36	0.007	0.952	0.927
Lym (%)	42.23	42.55	43.35	44.55	42.20	43.65	42.04	44.38	43.10	42.88	42.98	43.21	42.94	42.30	43.87	43.83	42.54	0.37	0.772	0.621	0.774
Mon (%)	6.65	7.90	5.55	4.95	7.45	5.40	6.55	5.15	4.90	5.45	6.50	5.49	6.03	7.23	5.35	4.93	6.45	0.26	0.035	0.028	0.675
Eos (%)	7.30	6.48	7.10	6.63	7.55	4.70	6.08	5.38	6.55	5.98	7.01	5.74	6.00	6.28	6.24	6.59	6.77	0.23	0.006	0.816	0.361
Bas (%)	0.15	0.05	0.05	0.05	0.15	0.11	0.06	0.05	0.08	0.10	0.09	0.08	0.13	0.06	0.05	0.07	0.13	0.01	0.659	0.064	0.769
D 7
WBC (103/µL)	21.17	18.30	17.25	18.15	18.52	23.26	18.72	18.52	19.74	21.99	18.67	20.44	22.21	18.51	17.88	18.94	20.25	0.82	0.319	0.549	0.987
Neu (%)	44.05	41.98	43.31	43.68	42.10	45.33	45.85	45.88	46.28	45.50	43.02	45.77	44.69	43.92	44.60	44.98	43.80	0.59	0.033	0.966	0.970
Lym (%)	44.13	45.78	43.88	44.80	44.75	45.30	44.50	44.63	44.28	43.35	44.67	44.41	44.72	45.14	44.26	44.54	44.05	0.50	0.820	0.976	0.924
Mon (%)	6.23	6.38	6.50	6.05	6.90	4.25	4.68	4.48	4.30	5.65	6.41	4.67	5.24	5.53	5.49	5.18	6.28	0.21	0.000	0.214	0.941
Eos (%)	5.43	5.73	6.15	5.33	6.10	4.93	4.90	4.93	5.05	5.40	5.75	5.04	5.18	5.32	5.54	5.19	5.75	0.16	0.035	0.750	0.906
Bas (%)	0.18	0.15	0.16	0.15	0.15	0.20	0.08	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.16	0.12	0.19	0.11	0.13	0.13	0.13	0.01	0.086	0.327	0.711
D 11
WBC (103/µL)	18.55	18.83	17.63	18.55	18.15	18.75	19.10	18.68	19.20	18.68	18.34	18.88	18.65	18.97	18.16	18.88	18.42	0.52	0.651	0.992	0.999
Neu (%)	44.90	43.55	43.45	43.65	45.00	44.20	43.68	45.13	43.65	44.13	44.11	44.16	44.55	43.62	44.29	43.65	44.57	0.69	0.977	0.989	0.986
Lym (%)	47.15	48.20	47.85	46.60	45.45	46.78	48.53	47.53	46.60	47.38	47.05	47.36	46.97	48.37	47.69	46.60	46.42	0.57	0.809	0.858	0.978
Mon (%)	4.08	3.30	4.80	5.30	4.90	4.43	3.43	4.23	5.10	4.20	4.48	4.28	4.26	3.37	4.52	5.20	4.55	0.22	0.648	0.139	0.930
Eos (%)	3.80	4.85	3.78	4.38	4.58	4.53	4.33	3.08	4.58	4.18	4.28	4.14	4.17	4.59	3.43	4.48	4.38	0.17	0.696	0.269	0.697
Bas (%)	0.08	0.10	0.13	0.08	0.08	0.08	0.05	0.05	0.08	0.08	0.09	0.07	0.08	0.08	0.09	0.08	0.08	0.01	0.332	0.997	0.814

C−, non-challenge with Salmonella; NC, basal diet; PC, NC + 0.01% Lactiplantibacillus plantarum; K, NC + 0.1% Pediococcus acidilactic K; WK1, NC + 0.1% Pediococcus pentosaceus SMFM2016-WK1; K-WK1, NC + 0.05% P. acidilactici K + 0.05% P. pentosaceus SMFM2016-WK1; C+, challenge with Salmonella.
PRO, probiotics; Pre, pre-inoculation; Post, post-inoculation; WBC, white blood cell