Table 17. Effects of different probiotics on intestinal morphology in weaned piglets challenged E. coli (Exp.2)

Items (µm)1)		Intestinal morphology
CHAL	PRO	VH	CD	VH:CD
−	NC	297.22	136.10	2.28
−	PC	369.51	171.43	2.20
−	K	325.27	140.61	2.34
−	WK1	391.36	168.89	2.38
−	K-WK1	366.25	198.32	1.90
+	NC	299.05	189.37	1.58
+	PC	340.62	201.18	1.68
+	K	337.38	188.21	1.79
+	WK1	291.86	163.85	1.92
+	K-WK1	301.39	209.78	1.45
−		349.92	163.07	2.22
+		314.06	190.48	1.68
	NC	298.14	162.74	1.93
	PC	355.07	186.31	1.94
	K	331.33	164.41	2.07
	WK1	341.61	166.37	2.15
	K-WK1	333.82	204.05	1.68
p-value	CHAL	0.024	0.016	< 0.001
	PRO	0.213	0.087	0.170
	CHAL×PRO	0.138	0.403	0.968
SE		8.51	6.05	0.07

CHAL −, non-challenge with E. coli; NC, basal diet; PC, NC + 0.01% Lactiplantibacillus plantarum; K, NC + 0.1% Pediococcus acidilactic K; WK1, NC + 0.1% Pediococcus pentosaceus SMFM2016-WK1; K-WK1, NC + 0.05% P. acidilactici K + 0.05% P. pentosaceus SMFM2016-WK1; CHAL +, challenge with E. coli.
E. coli, Escherichia coli; PRO, probiotics; VH, villus height; CD, crypt depth; VH/CD, villus height to crypt depth ratio.