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Journal of Animal Science and Technology
Korean Society of Animal Science and Technology

J Anim Sci Technol

pISSN: 2672-0191, eISSN: 2055-0391

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5187/jast.2500108

Article

Effects of dietary natural phytoncide on blood characteristics to LPS challenge of Hanwoo cattle

Bohye Park1, Donghun Kang2, Sunsik Jang3, Uihyung Kim4, Jongkyoo Kim2, Seungchang Kim5, Bonghwan Choi5, Kiyong Chung1,*
1Korea National University of Agriculture and Fisheries, Jeonju-si, Jeonbuk State 54874, Korea.
2Michigan State University, Michigan 48824, United States.
3Hanwoo Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, Pyeongchang-gun, Kangwon-do 25340, Korea.
4Poultry Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Pyeongchang-gun, Kangwon-do 25342, Korea.
5Animal Genetic Resources Research Center, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Hamyang-gun,Gyeongsangnam-do 50000, Korea.
*Corresponding Author: Kiyong Chung, Korea National University of Agriculture and Fisheries, Jeonju-si, Jeonbuk State 54874, Korea, Republic of. E-mail: cky95@korea.kr.

© Copyright 2025 Korean Society of Animal Science and Technology. This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Received: May 13, 2025; Revised: Aug 29, 2025; Accepted: Oct 27, 2025

Published Online: Nov 03, 2025

Abstract

This study indicated that dietary natural phytoncide feed additives altered immune-related serum parameters and serum metabolites in Hanwoo bulls. Cypress (CYP) and mugwort (MUG) extracts were supplemented at 0.5 mg/kg of concentrate diet for 90 days. A total of 15 bulls with initial body weights of 196.00 ± 5.33 kg (control), 196.00 ± 3.91 kg (CYP), and 196.00 ± 3.31 kg (MUG) were used in a 90-day feeding experiment. Changes in serum immunological parameters were analyzed following a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge. To minimize stress, a jugular vein catheter was installed in each animal, and animals were acclimated for 24 hours before sampling. Blood samples were collected 13 times at 30-minute intervals after the third sampling point, following intravenous injection of LPS (1 µg/kg BW). Serum albumin (ALB), glucose (GLU), total protein (TP), triglycerides (TG), inorganic phosphorus (IP), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), cortisol, and proinflammatory cytokines including interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were analyzed using standard procedures. After LPS injection, serum GLU and TG levels increased (<italic>p</italic> &gt; 0.05), whereas serum NEFA levels decreased (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.05). Neither serum GLU nor TG levels were significantly affected by phytoncide supplementation. Proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α increased over time after LPS injection; however, serum TNF-α levels tended to be lower in the phytoncide-treated groups compared to the CON (<italic>p</italic> &gt; 0.05). Additionally, serum cortisol levels were lower in phytoncide-treated groups than in the CON following LPS challenge, although the difference was not statistically significant (<italic>p</italic> &gt; 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation with natural phytoncide modified serum metabolite profiles and contributed to a reduction in proinflammatory cytokine responses in Hanwoo bulls under LPS-induced immune stress.

Keywords: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS); Phytoncide; Hanwoo bulls