Journal of Animal Science and Technology
Korean Society of Animal Science and Technology
Article

Development of an oscillating magnetic field-assisted supercooling system for bovine embryo preservation

Jun Hwi So1, Byung Hyun Ju2, Sung Yong Joe1, Youngbok Ko1, Soojin Jun3, Min Kyu Kim1,2,*, Seung Hyun Lee1,4,**
1Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
2MK biotech Inc, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
3University of Hawaii, Honolulu 96822, United States.
4Neo Vitalink, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
*Corresponding Author: Min Kyu Kim, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea, Republic of. MK biotech Inc, Daejeon 34134, Korea, Republic of. E-mail: kminkyu@cnu.ac.kr.
**Corresponding Author: Seung Hyun Lee, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea, Republic of. Neo Vitalink, Daejeon 34134, Korea, Republic of. E-mail: seunglee2@cnu.ac.kr.

© Copyright 2026 Korean Society of Animal Science and Technology. This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Received: Nov 28, 2025; Revised: Jan 07, 2026; Accepted: Jan 21, 2026

Published Online: Jan 29, 2026

Abstract

<italic>In-vitro-</italic>produced embryos have become an important biomaterial for accelerating genetic improvements in livestock, increasing the need for reliable short- and mid-term preservation strategies. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of oscillating-magnetic-field-assisted supercooling on the survival of bovine <italic>in vitro </italic>fertilization (IVF) embryos. A supercooling preservation system combining Helmholtz-type coils with a precise circulating cooling chamber was designed and fabricated to maintain the embryos in a uniform supercooled state. Blastocyst-stage embryos were preserved at −4 °C in a hypothermic preservation medium under exposure to an OMF of 10 Hz with flux densities ranging from 0 to 20 mT. The preservation medium remained stably supercooled at −4 °C without freezing under all magnetic field conditions, and the magnetic flux density did not alter the cooling behavior. The embryos were preserved for 24 h and subsequently cultured for an additional 24 h to assess their post-preservation viability. Survival rates were higher in all magnetic field groups than in the control group (0 mT), with values of 48.66% (0 mT), 60.07% (5 mT), 62.85% (10 mT), 75.69% (15 mT), and 68.96% (20 mT). Notably, the 15 mT group exhibited the highest survival rate, showing a significant improvement over the control. Although the magnetic field did not affect the supercooling characteristics of the preservation solution, it markedly enhanced embryo survival at −4 °C. The results demonstrated that the application of an oscillating magnetic field did not disrupt the stability of the supercooled state while also improving cellular tolerance to low-temperature stress. These findings provide a promising foundation on which to develop magnetic-field-based non-freezing preservation technologies for biological specimens.

Keywords: embryo; supercooling; oscillating magnetic field; temperature control; viability