Paralichthys Olivaceus Egg Extract Improves Porcine Oocyte Quality by Decreasing Oxidative Stress

This study aimed to assess the influence of <italic>Paralichthys olivaceus</italic> egg extract (POEE) treatment on the maturation and development of porcine oocytes subjected to oxidative stress during<italic> in vitro</italic> maturation (IVM). POEE, notably rich in vitamin B9 (folic acid, FA), was assessed alongside FA for antioxidant activity across various concentrations. In the 650 ppm POEE (650 POEE) group, there was a significant rise in GSH levels and an improved developmental rate in porcine oocytes experiencing oxidative stress during IVM. Treatment with 0.3 FA exhibited substantial reduction in ROS activity. Both 650 POEE and 0.3 FA groups demonstrated inhibited abnormal spindle organization and chromosomal misalignment, with increased blastocyst formation and decreased apoptotic cells. Treatment with 650 POEE elevated mRNA expression of development-related genes (<italic>SOX2, NANOG,</italic> and <italic>POU5F1</italic>). In conclusion, POEE effectively mitigates oxidative stress, enhances embryonic quality, and improves developmental potential in porcine oocytes on <italic>in vitro</italic> maturation (IVM).